Educational quasi-markets,school effectiveness and social inequalities     

Xavier Dumay  Vincent Dupriez 《教育政策杂志》2014,29(4):510-531

Over the past few decades, the figure of the market has clearly made its way into the field of education. For some authors, it represents an alternative to regulation by the public authorities, a different form of co-ordination which is better able to meet the objectives of the education systems. Through a secondary analysis of the PISA 2006 database, we test this hypothesis, as well as an alternative one which suggests that the quasi-market, rather than being linked positively to effectiveness of the education systems, would be associated with the students’ achievement dependence on their socio-economic and cultural background and on the social composition of the school they are enrolled in. Our findings suggest that the quasi-market regulation (school autonomy and competition for student recruitment) (1) is not linked to effectiveness and (2) tends to be associated with a stronger link between schools’ social composition and student achievement.  相似文献   

La eliminación de conductas autolesivas en niños retrasados profundos     

Xavier Cerdà 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(24):103-110

RESUMEN

Se han empleado muchos procedimientos para la supresión de conductas autolesivas, pero en pocos casos se ha tenido en cuenta dotar al sujeto de un comportamiento más adaptativo. La hipótesis que se propone es que el castigo de las conductas autolesivas no provocará un aumento de los comportamientos adaptados si éstos no forman ya parte del repertorio conductual del niño. Para corroborar esta hipótesis se realiza un estudio en dos fases con niños deficientes profundos con conductas autolesivas utilizando castigo social. Los resultados muestran que la operación de castigo contingente es efectiva en la eliminación de conductas autolesivas, que este tipo de conductas son mantenidas por el medio ambiente y la necesidad de enseñar y reforzar positivamente conductas más adaptadas.  相似文献   

The politics of school choice in two countries with large private‐dependent sectors (Spain and Chile): family strategies,collective action and lobbying     

Xavier Rambla  Óscar Valiente  Carla Frías 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(3):431-447

In many countries choice of school is an increasing concern for families and governments. In Spain and Chile, it is also associated with a long‐standing political cleavage on the regulation of large sectors of private‐dependent schools. This article analyses both the micro‐ and the macro‐politics of choice in these two countries, where low‐status 15‐year‐old students record a significant segregation. At the micro level, some evidence is provided that not only middle‐class skilful choosers but also the political representatives of private‐dependent schools manage to pursue their interests drawing on economic, social and cultural capital. At the macro level, evidence also shows that the lobbies defending private‐dependent schools can use and maintain these power resources. However, in some episodes collective action is an effective power resource for those who campaign in favour of a stricter regulation of these schools, but its influence is much difficult to maintain for longer periods.  相似文献   

Software     

Xavier Perrot 《Archives and Museum Informatics》1992,6(3):22-23

  相似文献   

Team cohesion and ethnic–cultural identity in adolescent migrant athletes     

Eleftheria Morela  Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis  Olga Kouli  Anne-Marie Elbe  Xavier Sanchez 《Int J Intercult Relat》2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of sport participation in the social integration of adolescents with non-dominant ethnic and cultural backgrounds. In particular, this study investigated the relationship between team cohesion and ethnic–cultural identity. Participants were 83 young migrant athletes (mean age 15.60 years). Participants completed the Ethnic/Cultural Identity Salience Questionnaire and the Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire. Regression analyses showed that cohesion negatively predicted feelings of fringe and lack of interaction. Our findings suggest that sport participation, particularly in cohesive teams, can facilitate the development of adaptive identity toward the goal of social integration in migrant adolescents.  相似文献   

Controlled evaluation of a multimodal system to improve oral presentation skills in a real learning setting     

Xavier Ochoa  Federico Dominguez 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2020,51(5):1615-1630

Developing oral presentation skills requires both practice and expert feedback. Several systems have been developed during the last 20 years to provide ample practice opportunities and automated feedback for novice presenters. However, a comprehensive literature review discovered that none of those systems have been adequately evaluated in real learning settings. This work is the first randomised controlled evaluation of the impact that one of these systems has in developing oral presentation skills during a real semester-long learning activity with 180 students. The main findings are that (1) the development of different dimensions of the oral presentations are not affected equally by the automated feedback and (2) there is a small but statistically significant effect of the use of the tool when a subsequent presentation is evaluated by a human expert.  相似文献   

Curriculum Change as a Form of Educational Policy Legitimation: the case of Spain     

Xavier Bonal 《International Studies in Sociology of Education》2013,23(2):203-220

ABSTRACT

This paper examines how the main changes in the last Spanish Educational Reform become new forms of state educational control. The article introduces a specific sociological perspective to analyse these changes in semiperipheral social formations. Macro‐contradictions embedded in the process of mass schooling in Spain draw a framework to understand the context and the logics of curriculum change. The extremely acute state legitimation crisis in semiperipheral societies has effects on the structure and the content of curriculum change. These effects are analysed, on the one hand, at the level of educational policy, and, on the other, at the level of school practices, showing the importance of cultural obstacles for curriculum change through teachers’ beliefs and practices.  相似文献   

Using Mini‐Grants to Create Sustained Faculty Buy‐In for Student‐Centered Pedagogy and Assessment in STEM Foundation Courses          下载免费PDF全文

Charles R. Feldhaus  Lisa G. Bunu‐Ncube  Howard R. Mzumara  Jeffery Xavier Watt  Stephen P. Hundley  Kathleen A. Marrs  Andrew D. Gavrin 《Assessment Update》2015,27(2):3-14

  相似文献   

Interest groups and the State in contemporary Spanish education policy     

Xavier Bonal 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(2):201-216

This paper analyses the role of educational interest groups in the context of current educational policy in Spain. The paper focuses on the historical and structural factors that are the basis for understanding the constitution of educational interests. It argues that the historical educational dualism and the political opposition between public and private education explains not only the emergence and political position of each educational actor, but also the dynamics of interaction between them and their strategies to influence policy making and implementation. The final section of the paper analyses the relationship between interest groups and the State. It argues that the diverse and heterogeneous educational demands lead to a specific form of educational politics and explain the conditioned relative autonomy of the Spanish State in education policy making.  相似文献   

A bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature on Internet, video games, and cell phone addiction          下载免费PDF全文

Xavier Carbonell  Elena Guardiola  Marta Beranuy    Ana Bells 《Medical Library and Historical Journal》2009,97(2):102-107

  相似文献